Dangers (Neutering) young cats & Dogs

Spaying and Castration
(Neutering) Dogs and Cats

Neutering is the general term used for the surgical removal of the reproductive organs in both male and female dogs

Neutering:
We are constantly told that Neutering will make a better and more affectionate family pet. It is a medical fact that in some cases spaying and castration can prolong the life of our pets and may reduce the number of certain health problems in later life. 

Females may benefit from spaying by reducing the incidence of uterine, mammary, and ovarian cancers. It can also reduce the incidence of infections such as Pyometra.

Castrating a male dog we are informed reduces the risk of prostrate cancer. This, like many other claims for the benefits of neutering is a total fallacy. In reality castrated dogs have a 4 times greater risk of developing prostate cancer than intact animals. spayed or neutered dogs also have a 1.5 to 3 times greater chance of developing bladder cancer

We are also told that they are less likely to develop unwanted behaviour’s such as marking, sexual aggression, and mounting, they are also less likely to escape, roam, or fight with other male dogs. I will accept that these are in some instances correct, castration can help reduce some of these problems.

Some vets recommend that our dogs are spayed or castrated anywhere between 5 to 16 months. In America some are being done as early as 8 weeks and they routinely neuter at between four and six months. Many of the Vets, Trainers and Behaviourists in both America and the UK are recommending this course of action without understanding the numerous problems this advice may create.

Some rescue centre’s such as the RSPCA often spay and neuter as a matter of course, whatever the age. In fact I have written an article pointing to the fact that a few of our “Welfare Societies” are neutering both male and female dogs as young as SIX WEEKS. And some breeders are doing it at the same age so that the owners cannot breed from these poor dogs later. This is especially prevalent in some breeders of Labradoodles, and Minidoodles, but other breeders are involved as well. May I recommend that you never buy from a breeder that is prepared to mutilate a tiny puppy this young.

I know of a case recently, where the breeder sold siblings (two dogs from the same litter) which on its own is a recipe for disaster, and something very few good breeders would ever recommend. See “Siblings the Worst of Both Worlds” But to compound the problem she had both of them neutered at six weeks. The buyer was warned but chose to ignore that advice.

It is not just the owner that will suffer. As these poor little dogs start to grow and start to reach maturity. They will become more and more anxious, distressed, and frustrated. It is these poor dogs that will be impaired for the rest of their lives, both physically and mentally. It is an absolute travesty that we can allow these people to do this to young pups.

What happened to the five freedoms under the Animal Welfare Act of 2007. Number three of the five freedoms states. “The need to to exhibit normal behaviour patterns” How can these poor pups exhibit normal behaviour patterns when they have had this start in life.?

Grave Concerns:
I have some very serious reservations about neutering even at six months, but to inflict this on a tiny puppy at six weeks is ludicrous. I believe that for the behavioural health of our dogs this advice and practice must stop. See the RSPCA article. Click Here

There have been numerous scientific studies on the beneficial outcome of neutering, especially on a physiological level. But none I can find on a psychological and behavioural level.

I noted some seven years ago that the incidence of frustration, lack of attention, and puppy like behaviour, appeared to be far more prevalent in dogs that were castrated and spayed at a younger age, rather than those that were allowed to mature naturally before attempting this operation.

As behavioural consultants and obedience trainers, I find that we are treating many more cases where dogs are displaying (paedomorphic) tendencies. That is puppy like behaviour’s in adult dogs, which I believe is related to the incidence of early spaying and neutering.

I also observed that bitches spayed too early, may be far more interesting to intact males; unwanted male attention can cause the female to become aggressive and protective in adulthood. Neutered young males can also attract attention from full males. In some cases these poor animals are hounded wherever that go by unwanted male attention. Do not blame the males this is caused by neutering while the dogs are still immature and the smell they give of smells like a bitch in season.

I asked the members of PAACT
“The Professional Association of Applied Canine Trainers”

to start to monitor the dogs they were treating and to record the time they were spayed and neutered. Their feedback appeared to bear out my initial findings.

When should we spay and castrate?
With regard to castration, I believe that males should not be castrated until they have been cocking their leg for at least one month, and should be at least 10 to 27 months of age (depending on size and breed). The larger the breed then the later they mature,. therefore something like a German Shepherd would be much later than the 10 months stated. Probably more like 17 months. Unless of course there are medical or serious behavioural issues to take into consideration.

In females, I believe that they should have at least one season; but preferably two, then wait approximately 3 months after the season before considering spaying, allowing the internal organs to settle down after the season.

Aggression:
It has also been observed that young female dogs that show aggressive tendencies towards owners, especially before the age of six months; often demonstrate increased aggression after spaying.

Spaying removes the production of progesterone, which is a natural calming hormone and a Serotonin up lifter. Spaying may therefore escalate any observable aggressive behaviour, either to humans or other dogs.

Despite popular belief spaying does not calm a female dog down. It may help to calm certain behaviour’s in males, but not female dogs. How could it when you are removing hormones that raise serotonin?

Many vets and rescue centre’s will neuter a male dog before they have cocked their leg. It is at this point dogs start to seriously mark territory. Not the half-hearted attempts we see in immature dogs. The immature castrated dog may squat for the remainder of it’s life, and may be more interesting to intact males.

There appears to be a testosterone surge at between 10 and 24 months depending on breed and size, which clearly turns on a dormant hard-wired program that establishes this cocking behaviour. Male dogs also produce Progesterone.

Progesterone and testosterone switches on many of the hard-wired behaviour’s we see in maturity and are not isolated to just one action, therefore other functions that are not so obvious may be switched on at this time.

These may have social implications and behavioural effects that aid in the development of dogs psychological and physical growth. If we switch these off by neutering or castrating too early, we may be denying the opportunity achieve both mentally and physically the dog’s full adult potential.

Progesterone receptors are found in brain cells, in nerve sheaths and in bone cells, In both male and female dogs. indicating that progesterone is involved in their function. It also appears to be involved in a range of other biological activities. Therefore neutering before both physical and psychological maturity may have numerous other long-term detrimental effects.

Many dogs that have been neutered early, appear to retain far more juvenile characteristics than those neutered when mature. In other words, they retain perpetual puppy like characteristics, whilst this may appear to be initially endearing, who would really want a dog that shows low concentration levels and frustrated puppy like behaviour for the remainder of its adult life?

Fearful and Timid Dogs:
To neuter a fearful or timid dog could certainly worsen the problem. The hormones you are removing are involved in calming and serotonin uptake therefore giving confidence to dogs that are sensitive and nervous in certain situation. I have seen many dogs neutered that suffer far worse symptoms after the operation and are fall more difficult to treat for their fearful behaviour than before the neutering.

Think long and hard before making a decision on either peer pressure or vet advice before embarking on this option. Their are alternatives which could give you strong indicators how your dog will be affected by this procedures.; TardaK is a short term chemical castration lasting approximately five weeks. However I feel it is not as positive as a new chemical castration such as suprelorin that in a small dog could last 10 months and a large dog six months.

Can it also cause physiological problems?
Because early neutering removes sex hormones, this delays maturation of “osteoclasts” resulting in the delayed closing of the growth plates of the long leg bones creating leggy taller than average dogs, thereby increasing the risk of some orthopedic disorders such as cruciate ligament disease, Hip problems and possibly bone cancer.

It was long believed that eunuchs (castrated humans) were castrated to stop them being interested is the ladies of the Harem. However they were also used as palace guards, because of the affect neutering has on the “osteoclasts” these eunuch’s were therefore appreciably taller, making them more imposing as guards and soldiers.

It has been observed that Spaying can significantly increase the risk of urinary incontinence in bitches. Early neutering also increases risk of urethral sphincter incontinence in males (A. Aaron et al., Vet Rec. 139:542-6, 1996.)

In conclusion:
I am all for neutering, but at the right time and for the right reason and on the right dogs, thereby allowing your dogs to reach full maturity in both body and mind. I believe that a full psychological and physiological set of tests and experiments should be scientifically undertaken, to study the effect of early castration and spaying on all our animals, not just dogs and cats.

These findings though purely observational, have also been borne out by observation and experiences of behaviourists and trainers who are members of PAACT “The Professional Association of Applied Canine Trainers” An organisation dedicated to enhancing and bringing together the two main canine disciplines of obedience training and behavioural therapy. It is PAACT’s belief that to be able to work with dogs on a professional level, you need to be versed in both of these disciplines.

I was asked by numerous people to write an in depth article on neutering dogs, which explains in far more detail the surgical procedures, risks, and what the hormones removed by this procedure actually do, and their importance to the dog both physically and mentally. Click NEUTERING IN DEPTH

Article written by.
Stan Rawlinson MTCBPT. MPAACT A.dipCCB
Chairman and Founder Member
Professional Association of Applied Canine Trainers.
Contact details for PAACT

www.paact.co.uk
[email protected]
0208 979 2019

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This is a Peer reviewed look at the pro’s and cons of Spaying and Neutering and is worth a read
Please CLICK HERE for the review

This is also a very interesting scientific overview that may concern many people, And was done by a well respected Vet Chris Zink DVM PhD DACVP
CLICK HERE


Further Information

Exact figures for the UK are uncertain, but it is generally accepted that there are around seven million dogs and nine million cats, which is a 5-year upward spiral for the cats and a slight decline in the number of dogs. This reflects out changing lifestyle with the trend for smaller housing, staying single and both adults fully employed, this would tend to make a cat an easier option.

Approximately 135,000 stray dogs per annum are picked up in the UK . 400 are destroyed every week. In the USA the figures are very different, they have almost 70 million dogs almost twice as many per household as the UK. 8 million to 12 million dogs and cats are euthanised annually. It has been suggested that only 50% of all dogs born in the USA will survive to see their second birthday. This is not because they are not caring or loving owners, but simply because they have no organised program for neutering and spaying.

The USA has many more latchkey dogs than the UK , therefore creating far more unwanted pregnancies. Left to there own devices. two dogs and their offspring can produce 67,000 young over a 6-year period. Two cats and their offspring can produce 420,000 over a 7-year period.

As a practicing behaviourist and obedience trainer, I am often called to discuss whether the owners should spay or neuter. I find in general that my male clients (the human ones) get a pained expression and cross their legs in agitation when the subject of castration arises. They generally have no problem with spaying; it is the castration that causes the concern. Yet the opposite is true from my female clients. Who often tell me that their husbands will not entertain their dog being emasculated. yet the have no problem with the concept.

Myths of Spaying and Neutering

My pet will become fat and lazy:It is true that in many cases dogs and cats will tend to have a larger appetite after either spaying or neutering. However, we control the intake of food and the amount of exercise, if we allow them to have a sedentary lifestyle, then obesity may be a problem.

It is better to let my pet either mate or have one litter first: Where this idea comes from I do not know, reproduction is a biological event in cats and dogs and given they are not cognisant they do not yearn for a family in the way humans do. Allowing a male to cover a female does not quench his appetite for sex it actually enhances it. He can subsequently become a serial roamer and a Houdini type escape artist.

Neutering may affect my dog’s emotional identity: Dogs do not cognitively possess a macho identity. Concerned owners should ask their veterinarian about a product called neuticals. It is an implant available for neutered males “they are artificial gonads”. Some owners believe their pet will miss them! Not something that I would personally have done but there you go it takes all kinds to make a world. It may not surprise you to learn that these are more commonly used in the USA .

I want my dog to be protective in the home : Spaying and neutering does not affect the natural instinct to guard and protect.

I can’t afford to have my pet spayed or neutered: Many veterinarians have spay or neuter programs for regular clients. Check your area for low cost spay/neuter centre’s. Alternatively, adopt from a Rescue Centre, as the pets are often spayed or neutered prior to adoption.

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