
When smiling young Kiev people turned out in the center city with EU flags in November, one could hardly imagine that within just three months the protest would be usurped by masked rioters with guns.
Facing its most important economic crossroads since the collapse
of the Soviet Union, Ukraine ultimately chose against stepping
towards the West by refusing to sign an association agreement
with the European Union on November 21, 2013. After that decision, thousands of Ukrainians took to the
streets in protest, chanting ‘Ukraine is Europe.’ Many also took
to social media to express their disappointment in the
government’s decision to pivot away from the EU.
On Nov. 25, in a last-ditch effort to show support for EU integration, rallies took place in
Kiev, as pro-EU demonstrators demanded the resignation of the
government and of Prime Minister Nikolay Azarov. Yet the
gathering turned violent and ended in clashes with police.
Demonstrators made several attempts to seize government
buildings, throwing rocks and balls of mud at the police and
tearing off officers’ helmets.
The signing of the EU agreement was initially expected to take
place at the third Eastern Partnership Summit opening on November
28 in Vilnius, Lithuania. Yet Ukraine scrapped these plans after consulting with Russia.
The refusal caused a wave of protest in the Ukrainian capital and
in the Ukraine’s western regions, however people rallied in
support of this move in the pro-Russian east.
Several thousand Euro-integration supporters turned out in Kiev on November 30 to protest the
government’s decision to suspend signing the EU deal. They were
violently expelled from Independence Square (Maidan), forcing
Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovich to condemn the heavy-handed tactics.
Anti-government demonstrators continued to protest the turn away
from the EU deal, erecting barricades on Maidan. The
demonstrators maintained fires across the city center and blocked
access to the square with advertisement banners and construction
materials. Despite police attempts to disable the makeshift
structures, the wall-of-ice barricades persevered, made of snow
bags up to 3 meters high.
Rising tensions led to a new level of confrontation on Jan. 22. Riot police brutally
dispersed protesters from central Kiev in the largest operation
following a wave of violence that began a few days prior. Almost
200 officers were injured over four days of scuffles. Two people
were reportedly killed amid the crisis.
Footage from the Ukrainian capital showed hundreds of police officers using tear gas,
rubber bullets and stun grenades against the protesters. Some
episodes involved policemen snatching individual rioters from the
crowds and brutally beating them. Police were permitted to use
smoke, tear gas, stun grenades, and water cannons.
On January 29, the opposition rejected an amnesty bill presented by the
ruling Party of Regions and adopted by the parliament. It
required that protesters vacate occupied government buildings.
Opposition leaders demanded unconditional amnesty and pledged to
continue their protest.
Just one day prior to the amnesty bill, parliament lifted nine
out of 12 anti-protest laws passed on January 16. The laws,
banning unsanctioned gatherings and imposing multiple
restrictions on mass demonstrations, were harshly criticized by
the opposition. Among things that were illegal
according to the repealed bills were protesters’ wearing of masks
or helmets, and erecting tents or stages without permission from
the authorities.
In early February, a senior US State Department official was
allegedly caught saying “F**k the EU” while discussing
Ukrainian opposition leaders’ roles in the country’s future
government. The phone call was taped and posted on YouTube.The
leaked chat fueled earlier allegations that Washington is heavily
meddling in the Ukrainian political crisis by manipulating the
pro-EU opposition and helping it in its efforts to oust President
Yanukovich.
To comply with the amnesty law, the opposition abandoned the Kiev administration building on
February 16. Elsewhere, in the west of the country, activists
vacated regional administration buildings in Lvov,
Ivano-Frankovsk, Ternopol and Poltava.
A mass opposition rally was held one day after Ukrainian courts
complied with the amnesty law and completed
the release of protesters, who were previously kept in police
custody on suspicion of various crimes committed during the
anti-government demonstrations and riots.
On February 18, at least 25 people were killed in Kiev as the
Ukrainian capital plunged back into chaos. Rioters attacked police,
seized buildings, torched vehicles, and burned tires. Nine
policemen are among the dead, all of whom died from gunshot
wounds. Security forces started an anti-terrorist operation at Maidan. At
least 11 protesters died in the riots, according to local
officials.
Despite a temporary truce reached between President Yanukovich
and opposition leaders on February 19, hardliners rejected the
accord and urged its followers to continue the offensive. The
reignited clashes resulted in at least 75
people dead on February 20, as the broken truce turned Kiev into
bloody turmoil.
The death toll from the February 20 clashes will likely rise on
both sides, as there are conflicting figures coming from the
Health Department, city officials and the opposition. As many as
550 people have been injured, according to official estimates.
Many of the protesters and police officers killed or injured
since Tuesday sustained gunshot wounds. Police have officially
been allowed
to use firearms in accordance with the law by an order of the
Ukrainian Interior Minister. Meanwhile, parliament voted to halt
counter-terrorism operations in the country and pull back law
enforcement from central Kiev. The resolution, though, has yet to
be signed by the speaker.
Source Article from http://rt.com/news/ukraine-maidan-protest-developments-982/