THURSDAY, March 1 (HealthDay News) — White men in the United
States live an average of about seven years longer than black men, while
white women live more than five years longer than black women, a new study
shows.
But when the University of California, Los Angeles-led team of
researchers conducted a state-by-state analysis of life expectancy, they
made a surprising discovery: In states where disparities were smallest,
the differences often weren’t due to blacks living longer, but whites
dying younger than the national average.
“In health disparities research, there is an assumption that large
disparities are bad because vulnerable populations are not doing as well
as they should, while areas with small disparities are doing a better job
at health equity,” lead researcher Dr. Nazleen Bharmal, a clinical
instructor at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, said in a
university news release. “In our study, we show that the reason there are
small disparities in life expectancy is because white populations are
doing as poorly as black populations, and the goal in these states should
be to raise health equity for all groups.”
However, the overall findings still highlight the need to improve the
health of black Americans, Bharmal and colleagues said.
They examined death certificate data for nearly 18 million people who
died in the United States between 1997 and 2004. The data included both
health-related and non-health-related causes of death, such as murders and
accidents.
Overall, the national life expectancy was nearly 75 for white men, 68
for black men, 80 for white women and 75 for black women. In every state,
differences in life expectancy were smaller between white and black women
than between white and black men.
Washington, D.C., had the largest life expectancy disparities between
blacks and whites (13.8 years for men and 8.6 years for women) while New
Mexico had the smallest disparities (3.8 years for men and 2.5 years for
women).
Other states with the largest disparities (more than eight years) for
men were New Jersey, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Michigan, Pennsylvania and
Illinois. States with the largest disparities for women (more than six
years) were Illinois, Rhode Island, Kansas, Michigan, New Jersey,
Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Florida and Nebraska.
Other states with the smallest disparities (less than six years) among
men were Kentucky, West Virginia, Nevada, Oklahoma, Washington, Colorado,
New York and Arizona. In Kentucky, West Virginia, Nevada and Oklahoma, the
smaller disparities were due to a combination of black men living longer
than the national average and white men having shorter lives than the
national average.
Among women, states with the smallest disparities (less than four
years) were New Mexico, New York, West Virginia, Kentucky and Alabama. In
all these states, black women lived longer than the national average and
white women lived shorter lives.
The study was published in the February issue of the journal Health
Services Research.
More information
The U.S. National Institute on Aging offers advice for healthy aging.
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