Burgers raise asthma risk



AUSTRALIAN health experts have welcomed the results of a study which proves children who eat three fast-food burgers a week have increased rates of asthma and “wheeze”.


A diet rich in fish, fruit and vegetables was shown to have the reverse effect, and Philip Thompson said the research added to a growing pool of evidence that linked food choice to disease.

“There is widely published data on the relationship between obesity and asthma,” said Professor Thompson who is president of the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand.

“The health benefits of antioxidants in diet and compelling evidence on the harm of poor diets on conditions such as heart disease and diabetes.

“Increasingly, it is becoming clear that poor diet is also linked to the prevalence of asthma and wheeze, and that healthy food choices … help to protect against the risk of these conditions.”

Looking at asthma, Prof Thompson said diet was emerging as a contributing factor alongside more readily recognised risks including childhood exposure to tobacco smoke and air pollution.

The risks also included widespread use of antibiotics that could reduce a child’s natural resistance to allergens, he said, while “modern home design” could stifle the airflow needed to prevent a build-up of airborne pollutants in a house.

Allergy specialist Peter Smith said the study showed how a person’s diet should aim to counter-balance the “oxidants” – unstable molecules that can damage cells and cell DNA – which form in the body as a result of metabolism and environmental pollutants.

“Fresh fruit and vegetables are high in anti-oxidants,” said Dr Smith, who runs a private clinic in Queensland.

“There are also genetic factors that influence how we cope with oxidant stresses … the vulnerable suffer the most.”

Researchers from Germany, Spain and Britain examined data from 50,000 children, aged eight to 12, and from 20 affluent and poor countries around the world but not including Australia. Parents were asked about their children’s usual diet and whether they had ever been diagnosed with asthma or if they had suffered wheezing.

Children who ate a diet rich in fruit had a low rate of wheeze in both rich and poor countries, the study found.

Meanwhile, a diet high in fish protected children against wheeze in rich countries, while a diet rich in cooked vegetables protected children in poor countries.

Overall the experts found that children who ate a “Mediterranean diet” had a lower chance of developing asthma or wheeze over their lifetime.

But eating three or more burgers a week was linked to a higher risk of asthma and wheeze, particularly in rich countries.

The authors, writing in the journal Thorax, said: “Fruit and vegetables contain antioxidants and other biologically active factors which may contribute to the favourable effect of fruit consumption in asthma.

“In summary, our observations support previous reports that the adherence to a Mediterranean diet may provide protection against wheeze and asthma in childhood.”

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