Dieting May Lower Hormone Levels Tied to Breast Cancer

MONDAY, May 21 (HealthDay News) — New research suggests that
weight loss through exercise and dieting helps overweight women lower the
levels of certain hormones in their blood, potentially raising the odds
that they’ll avoid developing breast cancer.

The findings don’t prove that losing weight this way will prevent
breast cancer. Still, women who take medications to prevent the disease
“need long-term solutions for managing their risk,” study co-author Dr.
Anne McTiernan, director of the Prevention Center at the Fred Hutchinson
Cancer Research Center, said in a news release from the center.

Weight loss represents an additional option for long-term breast
cancer risk reduction without significant or bothersome side effects,”
McTiernan added.

The study is published in the May 21 online issue of the Journal of
Clinical Oncology
.

Previous research at the center has suggested that “losing just 5
percent or more of one’s weight could cut by a quarter to a half the risk
for the most common, estrogen-sensitive breast cancers,” McTiernan said.

In the new study, researchers wanted to understand how weight loss
through exercise, diet or both would affect potentially dangerous levels
of hormones in the body.

The investigators randomly assigned 439 overweight-to-obese women to
one of four groups. One group exercised (mainly through walking), one
group dieted, one group did both and the remaining group did neither. The
women were aged 50 to 75 with an average age of 58.

Those who dieted or dieted and exercised lost an average of about 10
percent of their weight. In addition, they lowered the levels of several
hormones.

“The amount of weight lost was key to changes in hormone levels,”
McTiernan said. “The biggest effect was through diet plus exercise;
exercise by itself didn’t produce much of a change in weight or estrogen.”

Dr. Robert Hiatt, professor and chair of the department of epidemiology
and biostatistics at the University of California, San Francisco,
cautioned that weight loss has been connected to breast cancer risk after
menopause only. “In this stage of a woman’s life, most of the circulating
estrogens are no longer coming from the ovaries, which cease to function,
but from fat tissue that is capable of producing the same types of
estrogens,” said Hiatt, who’s familiar with the study findings.

He cautioned that “the study does not say that losing weight
lowers the risk of breast cancer. It would take a larger and longer study
to prove that. It does, however, suggest than weight loss has the right
kind of effect on circulating estrogens, and it would be reasonable to
expect that breast cancer rates would subsequently fall in such
women.”

More information

For more on breast cancer, visit the U.S. National Library of
Medicine.

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