Dogs May Mourn as Deeply as Humans Do

FRIDAY, July 6 (HealthDay News) — Jon Tumilson‘s dog, Hawkeye,
was an important part of his life.

And, as it turns out, Tumilson was an important part of Hawkeye’s
life.

After the Navy SEAL was killed in Afghanistan last summer, more than a
thousand friends and family attended the funeral in Rockford, Iowa,
including his “son” Hawkeye, a black Labrador retriever who, with a heavy
sigh, lay down in front of Tumilson’s flag-draped casket. There, the loyal
dog stayed for the entire service.

Hawkeye’s reaction to his owner’s death generated a lot of buzz online
and in the media. But it’s not unusual, according to pet experts, for some
dogs to mourn the loss of a favorite person or animal housemate.

Grief is one of the basic emotions dogs experience, just like people,
said Dr. Sophia Yin, a San Francisco-based veterinarian and applied animal
behaviorist. Dogs also feel fear, happiness, sadness, anger, as well as
possessiveness.

Dogs who mourn may show similar signs to when they’re separated for
long periods of time from the individual they’re bonded to, she said. Of
those signs, depression is the most common, in which dogs usually sleep
more than normal, move slower, eat less and don’t play as much.

The beginnings of such a strong inter-species bond between humans and
dogs dates back some 15,000 years, when early man and the ancestor of
today’s dog roamed the Earth together.

Today, after thousands of years of friendship, there’s a great deal of
attunement between humans and dogs, not only in terms of comprehension of
each other’s gestures and body language but also emotionally, said Barbara
King, a professor of anthropology at the College of William Mary in
Williamsburg, Va.

It’s not just evolutionary logic, or reading peer-reviewed science
literature that’s convinced King that dogs (as well as cats) feel deep
grief. Interviews with astute pet owners for her upcoming book, How
Animals Grieve
, and the power of observation, has also led her to this
conclusion.

Case in point: a grainy video posted on YouTube that captured the image
of a scruffy terrier running onto a busy highway in Chile to rescue
another dog, hit moments earlier, by a car. As vehicles whiz by the
terrier, he instinctively wraps his paws around the injured dog, dragging
him off the road to safety.

“When you look at that sort of example, again, you see that these dogs
are thinking and feeling creatures, and that sets the stage for grief,”
she said.

Through her research, King has found that in households with two dogs
who’ve lived together for a number of years, some owners report that when
one dog dies, the other gets depressed. Skeptics might point to a change
in daily routine as the cause of depression or, perhaps, because the
owner is upset and grieving. But King feels differently.

“The surviving dog is searching around the house for a lost
companion — looking in favorite places, going to places that they spent
with their friend, very pointed actions that tell you the dog is missing
his friend,” she said.

In an effort to understand what dogs are thinking, researchers at Emory
University in Atlanta are conducting brain scans of dogs using functional
MRI (fMRI).

Gregory Berns, director of the Emory Center for Neuropolicy and lead
researcher on the project, hopes their work will reveal secrets of the
dog-human relationship, from the dog’s perspective.

Even with high-tech tools, though, determining whether canines
experience grief would be tough, he admitted, because he believes it’s
unknown how grief looks in the human brain. If it were known, however,
Berns said researchers could then look for this emotion in the dog but it
would require showing pictures, perhaps movies, of the deceased human or
canine.

“It would be fascinating to figure out,” said Berns, who normally uses
fMRI technology to study how the human mind works. “If I were to
speculate, I would guess that, like people, some dogs mourn and others
don’t.”

King agrees. After all, she said, dogs possess unique personalities and
react differently, even in the same situation. Whether a dog grieves
hinges on a dynamic mix of life experiences, added King, including how
they were raised and what their people or animal housemates were like.

If a pet mopes around the house after the death of a canine or human
companion, Yin suggests the best thing owners can do is to get their dog’s
mind off the loss by engaging their pet in fun activities such as a game
of fetch, brisk walks and play dates with other pets. “The activity
depends on what the dog historically likes,” she said.

Don’t expect a quick fix. It may take anywhere from a few weeks to a
few months, pet experts believe, before a dog’s spirits begin to lift.

More information

For more on canine behavior, visit the American Veterinary Medical Association.

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