Drug Reduces Complications in Surgical Abortions: Study

WEDNESDAY, March 7 (HealthDay News) — The drug misoprostol
reduced major complications from early surgical abortion by nearly
one-third, according to a new study.

Doctors often use misoprostol for cervical preparation prior to
surgical abortion (vacuum aspiration). Until now, however, there were no
studies large enough to determine whether the drug reduces the risk of
serious complications, either immediate or delayed, according to
background information in the study published in the March 8 online
edition of The Lancet.

For the study, researchers from the World Health Organization (WHO) in
Geneva compared rates of complications among nearly 5,000 women in nine
countries who underwent surgical abortion before 12 weeks of gestation.
Complications included cervical tear, uterine perforation, incomplete
abortion and pelvic inflammatory disease.

Women were randomly assigned to receive either vaginal misoprostol or
an inactive “placebo” three hours before the procedure.

The women in the misoprostol group were nearly one-third less likely to
experience one or more complications compared to the women who received a
placebo, and the risk of incomplete abortion was nearly three times higher
among the women in the placebo group, the investigators found.

Women in the misoprostol group, however, were more likely to experience
abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding and nausea in the three hours before
surgery.

“Misoprostol reduced the overall incidence of complications,
particularly incomplete abortions and unscheduled clinic visits and
hospital admissions, after abortion,” concluded study author Eduardo
Bergel and colleagues, in a journal news release. “Providers should be
aware of the side effects of the drug and inform women about these
effects.”

In an accompanying editorial, Dr. Allan Templeton, professor of
obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland,
wrote: “The important ongoing issue is . . . the balance between
effectiveness of the procedure and the side effects of misoprostol, which
will include abdominal cramps and vaginal bleeding in most women, although
not to the extent of needing medical intervention before surgery.”

The findings of this study suggest that “routine pharmaceutical
dilation of the cervix should be recommended as an integral part of
surgical abortion in all women,” Templeton added.

More information

The U.S. National Library of Medicine has more about surgical abortion.

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