Even Slight Mental Decline Can Harm Health, Studies Suggest

MONDAY, July 16 (HealthDay News) — Even the state of mild
cognitive impairment, which often precedes dementia, is associated with a
wide array of negative health effects, two new studies suggest.

According to the U.S. National Institutes of Health, mild cognitive
impairment (MCI) is defined as “the stage between normal forgetfulness due
to aging and the development of dementia.” People with MCI — which does
not necessarily progress to dementia — have mild issues with thinking and
memory that do not keep them from daily activities.

The two studies on MCI were to be presented Monday in Vancouver at the
annual meeting of the Alzheimer’s Association.

Even though it may not seem alarming, mild cognitive impairment should
be taken seriously, particularly among patients already struggling to
manage other health problems, experts say.

Mental decline “of any kind is serious, and requires increased medical
and personal attention,” Dr. Ronald Petersen, a member of the Alzheimer’s
Association Board of Directors, explained in a news release issued by the
meeting’s organizers.

“These studies validate the challenges of people living with MCI and
their families and speak to the need for physician education to better
manage their cognitive impairment and its broader impact on a person’s
physical, mental and social health,” Peters said.

One study was conducted by investigators from the Albert Einstein
College of Medicine of Yeshiva University in New York City. Led by Mindy
Katz, researchers tracked more than 700 men and women over the age of 70
for up to 16 years (the typical patient was tracked for about five years).
At the study launch, nearly one-quarter had already developed some form of
MCI or full-blown dementia.

Katz’ team found that those who had or developed dementia or MCI were
“significantly” more likely (roughly two to three times as likely) to die
than those who remained mentally healthy.

MCI involving some memory loss “was associated with a doubling of the
risk of death,” Katz noted in the news release. “Those people with other
types of non-memory thinking difficulties were not at higher risk for
mortality. This further supports the benefits of early detection and
monitoring of cognitive impairment, not only in possibly preventing
Alzheimer’s dementia, but also for prolonging life.”

The second study was led by Dr. Jeffrey Kaye of Oregon Health
Science University (OHS) in Portland. His team focused on 148 patients
with an average age of about 84 years old, 28 of whom had been diagnosed
with MCI.

Using motion sensor technology dispersed throughout each patient’s home
and at main exit doors, the team tracked patient activity and movement for
up to three years.

The result: Those with MCI spent increasingly less time outside their
home, relative to those who were mentally healthy.

“These findings suggest a progressive narrowing of interaction with the
outside world,” Kaye said. “This very likely diminishes quality of life
and could potentially impact the progression of the disease.”

While these observational studies suggest a link between MCI and
negative health outcomes, they cannot prove cause-and-effect. Research
presented at medical meetings is typically considered preliminary until
published in a peer-reviewed journal.

More information

For more on mild cognitive impairment and dementia, visit the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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