Bioengineers invent engine powered by water vapor, artificial muscles

Still from Youtube video by NPG Press

Still from Youtube video by NPG Press

Bioengineers have invented the world’s first engine that runs on energy created from the process of natural water evaporation at room temperature, by utilizing cleverly engineered artificial muscles.

The small device, created by researchers at Columbia University,
is a fully functional engine which can generate 1.8 microwatts of
energy – enough to power LED lights or even a tiny car – all for
the cost of $5. It works by drawing power from a process never
considered to be a potential energy source before.

“Engineered systems rarely, if ever, use evaporation as
sources of energy, despite myriad examples of such adaptations in
the biological world,”
a paper published in Nature by a team of authors, including
researchers Xi Chen, Ozgur Sahin and others, claimed.

While seeming to violate the laws of physics by creating energy
from nothing, the engine, which measures less than four inches on
each side, is able to generate energy from extremely small
temperature differences in ambient evaporation.

The innovation was made possible utilizing hygroscopy-driven
artificial muscles (HYDRAs), which the inventors call the
engine’s “living” parts, which expand and contract with
infinitesimal changes in humidity. The breakthrough came when
Columbia researchers found that some bacterial spores expand when
they absorb moist air and shrink when they dry.

“And HYDRAs change shape in really quite a dramatic way: they
can almost quadruple in length,”
Ozgur Sahin, leader of the
Columbia University team, told Popular Mechanics.

Harnessing this process, the team made “evaporation
engines”
to put the force to work. A set of shutters were
put into place so as to lift when the artificial muscles extend,
expel air, and then return to their initial position. This
principle was applied to a rotary engine that spins when only one
side is exposed to moist air and the other side expels it.

“This is a very, very impressive breakthrough,” Peter
Fratzl, a biomaterial researcher at the Max-Planck Institute of
Colloids and Interfaces in Potsdam, Germany said. “The engine
is essentially harvesting useful amounts of energy from the
infinitely small and naturally occurring gradients near the
surface of water. These tiny temperature gradients exist
everywhere, even in some of the most remote places on
Earth.”

It may be a little while into the future, but the researchers at
Columbia believe this breakthrough raises hopes that the
innovation could be applied in creating super-efficient energy
sources, and be utilized in many other new products as well.
Applications in consumer electronics and even muscles for robots
could be within the realm of possibility. All it will take is
human innovation. Just add water.

Source Article from http://rt.com/usa/267664-new-water-vapor-engine/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=RSS

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