Many Homeless May Harbor Hepatitis C

MONDAY, June 18 (HealthDay News) — Nearly 27 percent of homeless
adults in Los Angeles may have hepatitis C, and nearly half don’t know
they have the potentially deadly infection, researchers say.

Hepatitis C virus can destroy the liver and lead to a liver transplant.
Recent research shows that it kills more American adults than AIDS.

For the study, researchers surveyed 534 homeless adults, most of them
black men, between June 2003 and February 2004.

Tests revealed that 26.7 percent of the study participants were
infected with the hepatitis C virus — a rate more than 10 times higher
than the 2 percent rate in the general U.S. population. Of the infected
people in the study, 46 percent did not know they had hepatitis C.

Less than 3 percent of those who knew they were infected had ever been
treated, according to the researchers from the University of California,
Los Angeles.

Infection rates were much higher among those who had injected drugs or
been in prison; those aged 40 or older; people with less education;
U.S.-born adults; those with three or more tattoos; and users of serious
non-injection drugs (excluding marijuana).

Sexual behaviors were not significantly related to hepatitis C
infection, according to the study published in the July-August issue of
the journal Public Health Reports.

“This and previous studies demonstrate that urban homeless adults in
the U.S. are at high risk for hepatitis C virus infection,” concluded
study co-leader Dr. Lillian Gelberg, a professor of family medicine, and
colleagues.

Homeless adults need interventions that include hepatitis C virus
education, counseling, voluntary testing and treatment services,” the
researchers wrote. “Hepatitis C virus prevention and treatment programs
could be modeled after relevant successful interventions developed for
U.S. homeless persons with HIV/AIDS.”

The authors acknowledged some study limitations. While hepatitis C
infection rates were based on blood tests, some of the other study
measures relied on self-reporting, which is subject to recall bias.

More information

The U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has more
about hepatitis C.

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