Sleep Apnea May Be Linked to Nerve Damage in Diabetics

MONDAY, June 18 (HealthDay News) — Obstructive sleep apnea is
associated with nerve damage in people with type 2 diabetes, according to
a new study.

The severity of this type of nerve damage — called diabetic peripheral
neuropathy — is linked with the extent of sleep apnea and the degree of
low blood oxygen levels that occur while patients sleep, the researchers
found.

People with obstructive sleep apnea subconsciously awaken many times a
night — even dozens of times an hour — because their airways close,
disrupting their breathing. Those with diabetic peripheral neuropathy may
have numbness or tingling in their extremities, or damage to their major
organs.

The study of 234 adults with type 2 diabetes found that sleep apnea was
independently associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy even after
the researchers accounted for a number of other possible factors,
including obesity, ethnicity, gender, age at diabetes diagnosis, and the
length of time a person had diabetes.

The findings were published online ahead of print in the American
Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
.

“Obstructive sleep apnea is known to be associated with inflammation
and oxidative stress, so we hypothesized that it would be associated with
peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes,” lead author Dr.
Abd Tahrani, a clinical lecturer in endocrinology and diabetes at the
University of Birmingham in England, said in a news release from the
American Thoracic Society.

However, while the study uncovered an association between obstructive
sleep apnea and peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients, it did not
prove a cause-and-effect relationship.

Further research is needed to determine the role of sleep apnea and low
blood oxygen levels in the development and progression of nerve damage in
patients with type 2 diabetes, and to assess the potential impact of
continuous positive airway pressure treatment on diabetic peripheral
neuropathy, the study authors said.

Continuous positive airway pressure treatment, or CPAP, keeps
obstructive sleep apnea patients’ airways open while they sleep.

More information

The U.S. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke has
more about diabetic neuropathy.

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