Part 5:  Mysterious 12,000-Years-Old Gobekli Tepe, Turkey

Part 5:  Mysterious 12,000-Years-Old Gobekli Tepe, Turkey –
Another Artificial Covering Over Mount Nemrut

© 2012 by Linda Moulton Howe

 

“Mt. Nemrut is clearly an artificial peak on top of the mountain.
It’s piled up with gravel purposefully … of a certain size,
of a certain shape so … it’s actually a very sophisticated pile of gravel.”

  – Robert M. Schoch, Ph.D., Geologist, Boston University

 

Mount Nemrut:  37° 58′ 54.0012″ N, 38° 44′ 27.9996″ E
Mount Nemrut 25 miles north of Kahta, Turkey, and north of Gobekli Tepe,
is another artificially covered mountain top above large stone heads of people
and animals spanning cultures of Roman, Persian, Hellenistic, and Anatolian history.
The artificial mountain top rises 164 feet above the carved statues
that appear to have Greek-style facial features, but Persian clothing
and hairstyling. Image © 2012 by Linda Moulton Howe.

2,000 years ago these similar-sized stones were piled up artificially
for 164 feet on top of Mount Nemrut, Turkey, apparently as a burial
tumulus for Antiochus I. Image © 2012 by Linda Moulton Howe.

Mount Nemrut is the red circle on the right near Kahta, Turkey, that is north of the
Gobekli Tepe archaeological site (green circle). Istanbul is the larger red circle on the left.

June 28, 2012  Mount Nemrut 25 miles north of Kahta, Turkey – On June 11, 2012, we traveled to see the “8th Wonder of the Ancient World,” Mount Nemrut. It’s a 7,000-foot-high mountain (2,134 meters) north of Gobekli Tepe and about 25 miles (40 km) north of Kahta, Turkey. Historically, the astounding mountain burial monument disappeared from world consciousness for two thousand years until re-discovered in 1881 by a German engineer named Charles Sester, who was studying Ottoman transport routes. Then it took until 1953 for any professional archaeological research to be done.

Even though the top of Mount Nemrut is thought to be a 1st Century B. C. artificial burial tumulus for Antiochus I, an Armenian King,to date no tomb of Antiochus has been found in the mountain excavations.

The ancient history version of the mountain and region is that Alexander the Great, the “Emperor of the World,” moved through Anatolia in the 4th century B.C., after he had conquered Macedonia and other regions in order to free the Anatolian (Turkish) people from Persian rule. Alexander thought the races should be mixed and forced thousands of soldiers and officers to marry the women of the areas they conquered. As a result, the Commagene Kingdom was formed between 1st century B.C. and 1st century A.D. in the area that is known as Adiyaman today. Subsequently, a hybrid Greek and Persian peoples emerged. By 64 B. C., Commagene became a Roman province and Antiochus I made a peace treaty with Pompey after the Romans conquered Syria.

According to the World Monuments Fund, “Antiochus I maintained contact with the Roman Empire throughout his reign … and for his death monument, Antiochus ordered a mountain of crushed rock be piled up 50 meters (164 feet) in the air on top of Mount Nemrut. Master sculptors carved a monumental scene of the king seated among the gods, including Greco-Roman deities such as Zeus, Apollo and Heracles.

“Over the centuries, the colossal statues, each over 9 meters tall (30 feet), have been damaged by earthquakes and their stone heads have been sent rolling down the hillside. Since excavations began in 1953, most of the sculptured stone heads have been found in addition to temple thrones, bas reliefs and inscriptions.”

As we watched the sunset casting pink light on the enormous human, bird and lion heads, now crumbled around two sides of the rock tumulus, we knew that we were headed for the artificially covered hill top of Gobekli Tepe and wondered about how both mountain tops had been covered with so much material so long ago. I talked with Dr. Schoch about the ancient, artificial hilltops and his hypothesis that the Egyptian Sphinx was probably built around the same time period as 12,000-year-old Gobekli Tepe.

Sunset on western side of Mount Nemrut, Turkey, on June 11, 2012, where the
2000-year-old stone heads and animals sprawl in fallen, broken positions below the
164-foot-high artificial mound of rocks above them. Image © 2012 by Linda Moulton Howe.


Interview:

Robert M. Schoch, Ph.D., Professor of Geology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts:  “I’m very glad we saw both Mount Nemrut and Gobekli Tepe on the same trip because Mt. Nemrut is clearly an artificial peak on top of the mountain. It’s piled up with gravel purposefully. They picked the gravel of a certain size, of a certain shape so it would have from a geological perspective a high angle of repose. That means it would not roll down easily like a bunch of marbles. So even though it’s a pile of gravel, it’s actually a very sophisticated pile of gravel. So here we have, I think, the same type of tradition (at Gobekli) and they spent an incredible amount of time and energy to do that. I also wonder what is under that pile of gravel at Mt. Nemrut? No one knows for certain.

Walking past huge beheaded “thrones” below the artificial rock tumulus of Mount Nemrut
and other unusual foreground heads, including large bird and lion heads, towards
the sunset on June 11, 2012. Images © 2012 by Linda Moulton Howe.

YES, AND THAT ROCK MOUNTAIN TOP HAS THE FEELING THAT THERE MIGHT BE SOMETHING HUGELY REMARKABLE IN THERE. THAT MEANS THAT SOMEBODY HAD THE ABILITY TO PUT ARTIFICIAL STONES ON TOP TO CREATE MT. NEMERUT. WERE THESE INCREDIBLE SCULPTURES AND STRUCTURES AROUND THIS HUGE ARTIFICIAL MOUNTAIN TOP PUT THERE TO GUARD? TO WARN? TO DO WHAT?

I think probably both. To guard, to warn and possibly, I would suggest, to attract attention to it at the right time at the right place maybe at this time. Mt. Nemrut apparently disappeared from history for a couple thousand years after the early centuries of this era for almost 2,000 years until it was ‘rediscovered’ in the late 19th Century.

So it was there – they were sentinels guarding the mountain and now we know about it again. It’s been rediscovered. And I would very much like to know what is under that pile of rubble in the mountain there.

HAVE YOU TALKED WITH KLAUS SCHMIDT ABOUT WHETHER OR NOT DEEP GROUND PENETRATING RADAR COULD BE APPLIED ON MOUNT NEMERUT AS IT HAS BEEN AT GOBEKLI TEPE?

No, I haven’t spoken with him about that. But I would love to see something like that done. And actually to get deeper – maybe not ground penetrating radar, but even using some type of seismic work as I’ve done around the Sphinx in the past. And we found a chamber under the paw. We found tunnels – that type of thing. I think the same type of techniques, the same type of methodology would work very well at Mt. Nemrut to find what’s under there because it could be quite deep.

 

Is the Sphinx As Old As Gobekli Tepe?

The Egyptian Sphinx in front of the Pyramid of Chephren is also near the large
Giza Cheops pyramid. The Sphinx has a lion body and the head of either a male
or female being. The Sphinx measures about 164 feet (50 meters) in length and
72 feet (22 meters) in height. Image © by Marco DiLauro/Getty Images.

IN TERMS OF THE WORK YOU HAD DONE ON THE SPHINX, YOU NOW THINK THAT IT GOES BACK PERHAPS 12,000 TO 14,000 YEARS AGO, ALMOST CONTEMPORANEOUS  WITH THE CREATION OF GOBEKLI TEPE?

Yes, actually I have at this point been speculating that the core body of the Sphinx, the oldest portions of the Sphinx, would be contemporaneous with Gobekli Tepe. The actual geological data doesn’t preclude an earlier date and it’s falling into place now that the core body of the Sphinx – let me be clear here – the head is re-carved. It is not the original head. That in my opinion is a dynastic head on the Sphinx, a re-carving.

THIS IS WHAT IS CALLED THE FEMALE CAT HEAD, BUT YOU THINK THAT BEFORE IT WAS WHAT?

I believe it was a male lion. The current sphinx, I think, originally had the head of a male lion and it might represent the constellation Leo in the sky. The Sphinx does – in the Age of Leo – look out (to the constellation Leo) to its own image if you accept it as having been a lion. And that would push it back to Gobekli Tepe times, the age of Leo would be contemporaneous with  Gobekli Tepe.

[ Editor’s NoteWikipedia – The Age of Leo = 10,500 B. C. to 8,000 B. C.

The major event at this time was an ancient global warming to such a massive extent that it led to the deglaciation of what now constitutes much of the modern habitable world. The deglaciation ultimately caused a 300 foot (90 m) rise in the sea level. ]

The end of the last ice age and the torrential downpours that would have occurred then – could that be the water that caused the rain erosion on the body of the Sphinx and in the Sphinx enclosure.

Sphinx body was studied by Robert Schoch, Ph.D., Boston University, in the early
1990s and he concluded there was firm evidence for water erosion
on the Sphinx body. Image © by Nova.

I feel like all of this is beginning to fall into place – that the Sphinx does go back to that very early period and I’m so excited about Gobekli Tepe that we have there clear confirmation of advanced civilization as I’ve been talking about for twenty years. So I am definitely thinking in terms that the oldest portions of the Sphinx go back to Gobekli Tepe times, back to the very end of the last ice age some 12,000 years ago.

AND MT. NEMRUT – THERE ARE LIONS IN SOME OF THOSE SCULPTURES THAT ARE REMINISCENT OF EGYPT.

Headless bird next to lion in the sunset on the western side of Mount Nemrut, Turkey,
on June 11, 2012. Image © 2012 by Linda Moulton Howe.

Oh, I agree. There’s haunting sculptures reminiscent of Egypt. Also some of the birds – the eagle types – are very reminiscent, in my opinion, of Egypt, but they also combine, as you mentioned, Mesopotamian elements, Persian – it’s a real …

BAFFLING.

Baffling combination.” 

To be continued in Part 6:  
Ancient Underground City of Cappadocia

Return to Part 1.


More Information:

For information and registration for August 12 – 25, 2012 Grand Turkish Tour and December 20, 2012 – January 2, 2013 Egypt Tour, click on websites below:

– Ancient Civilization Tours with Gregory Poplawski, Poland:  http://www.timeofanewera.com

– Robert M. Schoch, Ph.D., Geology, Boston University:  http://www.robertschoch.com/

 

For further reports about Gobekli Tepe and other ancient sites, please see Earthfiles Archive.

• 06/26/2012 — Part 4: Mysterious 12,000-Years-Old Gobekli Tepe, Turkey – Interview with Geologist Robert Schoch
• 06/21/2012 — Part 3: Mysterious 12,000-Years-Old Gobekli Tepe – Buried to Escape Incoming Comets? Meteorites? Huge Solar Flares?
• 06/18/2012 — Part 2: Mysterious 12,000-Years-Old Gobekli Tepe – Odd Pillar Creatures, Bizarre Totem and Mouthless Man
• 06/16/2012 — Part 1: Mysterious 12,000-Year-Old Gobekli Tepe
• 05/06/2012 — Updated: Malta’s 6,000-Year-Old Hypogeum – Built to Alter Minds with Sound?
• 11/23/2011 — Greek Gods Were Extraterrestrials, Says Erich von Daniken in Latest Book, Odyssey of the Gods.
• 09/30/2011 — Part 2: Interviews with Scientists Studying Mysterious, Ancient Stone Circles in Middle East Visible Only from Air
• 09/16/2011 — Part 1: Mysterious, Ancient Stone Circles in Middle East Visible Only from Air
• 10/21/2010 — Dead Sea Scrolls Going Online
• 10/01/2010 — Gobekli Tepe: 12,000 Years Old and Rewriting Human History
• 07/07/2006 — Noah’s Ark Atop Takht-e-Soleiman Peak in Iran?
• 12/09/2005 — Mystery of “Footprints” in 1.3 Million-Year-Old Mexico Volcanic Rock
• 04/23/2002 — John Anthony West Organizing New Effort to Date Weathering of Sphinx and Red Pyramid Chamber
• 12/01/2001 — 1200 B. C. – What Caused Earthquake Storms, Global Drought and End of Bronze Age?
• 11/19/2001 — Update on Underwater Megalithic Structures near Western Cuba
• 09/22/2001 — Huge Hexagram Crop Formation in Red Deer, Alberta, Canada
• 06/16/2001 — Beyond Stonehenge with Astronomer Gerald Hawkins
• 05/05/2001 — Archaeologists Find Central Asia Civilization As Old As Sumeria
• 05/28/2000 — Hamoukar, Syria – A City Older Than 6000 Years?


Websites:

Mount Nemrut Archaeological Site: 
http://www.wmf.org/project/mount-nemrut-archaeological-site

Astrological Ages:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrological_age

Water Weathering of the Sphinx:
http://www.robertschoch.com/sphinxcontent.html

Archaeology, “The World’s First Temple”:
http://www.archaeology.org/0811/abstracts/turkey.html

Gobekli Tepe, Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Göbekli_Tepe

Smithsonian, November 2008:  “Gobekli Tepe: The World’s First Temple?”
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/gobekli-tepe.html

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