Bashar al-Assad: Syria is in ‘a state of war’

The “unarmed reconnaissance” plane from the Turkish air force had
been struck by a missile inside “international airspace” without
any warning, said Mr Erdogan.

Addressing the ruling AK party in Ankara, the prime minister added: “The
rules of engagement of the Turkish armed forces have changed given this new
development. Any military element that approaches the Turkish border from
Syria by posing a security risk and danger will be regarded as a threat and
treated as a military target.”

In practice, this means that Turkey might go to war with Syria if last
Friday’s incident were to be repeated, said Umit Ozdag, a leading analyst of
Turkish defence policy.

“If they were to hit a Turkish aeroplane a second time, it could cause a
war between the two countries,” he said. “But I don’t believe the
Syrians want a war. They know that what they did was really risky.”

Earlier this year, a series of shooting incidents took place along the border.
Syrian troops repeatedly fired at targets inside Turkey, claiming at least
one life. At the time, however, the Turkish army did not react. Under the
new rules of engagement, retaliation would probably be authorised.

“If Syrian soldiers try to organise a cross border attack or try to hit
targets within Turkey like they did a few months ago, then the Turkish army
will hit targets in Syria,” said Mr Ozdag.

Turkish officials concede the F-4 briefly entered Syrian airspace, but the
crew are said to have realised their mistake and changed course accordingly.
A missile then destroyed the aircraft as it flew over the Mediterranean.

At first, Mr Erdogan declined to condemn Syria, waiting for the facts to be
established. Yesterday he said: “Our mild manners do not mean we are a
tame lamb. Everybody should know that Turkey’s wrath is just as strong and
devastating as its friendship is valuable.”

By shooting down the jet, Syria had exposed itself to greater pressure, said
Anthony Cordesman, head of strategy at the Centre for Strategic and
International Studies in Washington.

“Syria has almost invited Turkey to become even more proactive against it
and against the Assad regime. Erdogan is not someone who’s famous for
backing down,” he said.

Turkey, a member of Nato, invoked Article IV of the North Atlantic Treaty,
convening the alliance’s ambassadors in Brussels to discuss the incident.
This move fell short of triggering Article V, which binds all Nato members
to defend any that are attacked.

After the meeting, Anders Fogh Rasmussen, the Nato secretary general,
described the “unacceptable” shooting down of the jet as “another
example of the Syrian authorities’ disregard for international norms, peace,
security and human life”.

Kofi Annan, the international envoy to Syria, is trying to organise a peace
conference for Saturday which would include the Security Council and
regional countries, notably Iran.

Sergei Lavrov, the Russian foreign minister, indicated that he would attend
and stated Iran’s participation was crucial to the success of a meeting, but
Britain and America publicly oppose Tehran’s involvement.

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