Surgeon’s assistant, miner and ‘drug dealer’: Census study reveals the bizarre summer jobs teenagers had in Victorian times

By
Daily Mail Reporter

18:54 EST, 22 July 2012

|

19:04 EST, 22 July 2012

As teenagers across the country prepare to spend their summers working as shop assistants, dog walkers and babysitters, a study reveals children 160 years ago took on far more bizarre and often dangerous holiday jobs.

Eighteen million census records from the Victorian era reveal youngsters no older than 15 were assisting surgeons, going down mines and even dealing in ‘stimulant drinks’.


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As study of 1851 English Census records reveals the bizarre and often dangerous jobs children once performed

As study of 1851 English Census records reveals the bizarre and often dangerous jobs children once performed


Enlarge

 
Youngsters no older than 15 were assisting surgeons, going down mines and even dealing in 'stimulant drinks'

Youngsters no older than 15 were assisting surgeons, going down mines and even dealing in ‘stimulant drinks’

The research, by family history
website Ancestry.co.uk, reveals the most common occupations were
‘domestic servants’, shoemakers and nurses. This was followed by tailors
and hat sellers.

But
others worked in skilled trades as butchers, plumbers, carpenters and
paper stainers, the 1851 census of England and Wales shows.

The number of ten to 14 year olds in employment has declined from 28 per cent in the 1850s to just 11 per cent today.

Modern job: A paper round is the most popular job for under-15s in 2012

Modern job: A paper round is the most popular job for under-15s in 2012

According
to the 1851 census, most ten to 14 year olds worked as ‘domestic
servants’ – with 7,382 employed at the time in London alone.

There were also 414 child butchers working in the capital, 200 plumbers and glaziers, 403 tailors and 270 carpenters.

There were even 238 boys working as ‘dealers in stimulant drinks’.

Children earned just 5 shillings (25 pence) per week, or less.

Today there is no minimum wage for those aged 15 or under but for those aged 16 it is £3.68.

The research uncovered a number of notable examples, including Johanna Nicholas, 13, from Cornwall who worked as a ‘mine girl’.

John
Cater, 12, from Durham – an ‘engine worker’ – and Anna Clara Davies,
13, from Somerset, who worked as a surgeon’s assistant.

Fellow 13 year-old Sarah Weston was a ‘needle dealer’ in Worcestershire.

This is in stark contrast to the responsibilities of today’s child workers, with under-15s predominately working as paper boys and girls, dog walkers or babysitters.

The next most popular jobs are stablehand, office, shop and cafe worker.

Miriam Silverman, from Ancestry.co.uk, said: ‘It’s extraordinary how many Victorian families had children going out to work in order to help make enough money to get by.

‘It’s hard to imagine a ten-year-old working in a butcher’s shop or as a plumber today but that was a reality of the Victorian era.’

Here’s what other readers have said. Why not add your thoughts,
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The comments below have not been moderated.

No doubt Victorian children were potty trained and could tie their own shoe laces by the age of five and were well on the way to correct non phonetic spelling and joined up writing by ten years old.

Apart from the domestic servants, most of these would have been apprentices learning the trade from the skilled artisan who employed them. They were paid very little but at least had the chance of carrying out the same trade when they were older.
As formal schooling, up to the age of 12 for those lucky enough to have a school place, led to no actual qualifications, it made far more sense for these youngsters to start work. It was only the 1870 Education Act which introduced compulsory education for children between 5 and 12, and even then many avoided this. There was massive opposition from the wealthy and powerful to this act as it was feared that the ‘educated masses’ might offer a threat to those in power.

The school leaving age in the 1970’s was 15. It was younger in Victorian times. Those youngsters would not have been in summer jobs, they were their full time occupations.

no state handouts then so you had to work, different today.

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