Survey Finds Big Drop in Sexual Activity Among Black Teens

TUESDAY, July 24 (HealthDay News) — Black teenagers in the
United States have become much less sexually active over the past two
decades, and those who do have sex appear to be more likely to use
condoms, a new survey has found.

The declines are “dramatic,” said report author Laura Kann, who studies
adolescent health for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention.

The numbers don’t disclose anything about why black teens might have
changed their behavior. “This tells us what kids do, but not why,” Kann
said.

Overall, teens of all racial and ethnic groups are about as sexually
active as they were a decade ago. And the rate of condom use by teens —
just six in 10 used them the last time they had sex — hasn’t changed much
since the 1990s.

By contrast, the numbers for black teens are strikingly different. The
percentage who reported ever having sex fell from 82 percent in 1991 to 60
percent in 2011. Kann said the numbers coincide with drops in teen
pregnancy and births.

Increased education about HIV/AIDS among blacks, leadership in the
black community and a public health focus on black Americans could explain
the change, Kann said.

The new CDC teen-sex survey also reveals that:

  • The percentages of students who’ve had sex have remained fairly stable
    over the last 20 years for Hispanic students (49 percent in 2011) and
    whites (44 percent in 2011).
  • Overall, 47 percent of all teens surveyed said they’d ever had sex,
    down from 54 percent in 1991. The rate has barely changed since 2001.
  • About one-third of students said they’d had sex within the past three
    months, and 15 percent said they’d had sex with four or more
    partners.
  • The percentage of sexually active teens who use condoms grew from 46
    percent in 1991 to 60 percent in 2011, although the number hasn’t changed
    much in recent years. Black teens are more likely to use condoms: their
    rate is 65 percent.

The recent stabilization of condom use could have something to do with
less focus on HIV, which has largely become a treatable disease, Kann
said. Also, “the percentage of high school students overall who have had
HIV education has dropped since 1997. That hasn’t helped any either.”

The new survey results come from the CDC’s National Youth Risk Behavior
Survey of students in grades 9 through 12 from both public and private
schools. About 15,000 students take the surveys each year.

Jennifer Manlove, area director of Fertility and Family Structure with
the Child Trends advocacy group in Washington, D.C., said the survey shows
that much of the evolution toward less sexual activity occurred in the
1990s, even among black teens.

“There’s been a little bit more since 2000, but not really that much.
The big news in the 1990s was the real focus on the AIDS epidemic and a
lot of attention given to that,” she said.

Dr. David Katz, director of Yale University’s Prevention Research
Center, said the study “is a mix of good news and persistent causes for
concern.”

Nearly half of teens in this country are still sexually active, “and a
third or more (of those) did not use condoms most recently,” he said.
“This means that a very large population of our young people remains
vulnerable to all of the perils of unprotected sex, HIV included. So this
report is not a cause for celebration. It tells of a job that can be done
when we address it well, and of a mission far from accomplished that
deserves our more devoted attention.”

He added: “No child should get HIV because our society is squeamish
about the readily available means of preventing that.”

The survey findings were scheduled to be released Tuesday at the
International AIDS Conference in Washington, D.C., and published in the
CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

More information

For more about teen sexual health, visit the U.S. National Library of
Medicine.

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