Syria: Kofi Annan urges ‘consequences’ if Assad doesn’t end violence

In a sign of increasing global concern at the escalating Syrian conflict,
Annan, Ban and Arab League Secretary-General Nabil ElAraby addressed an open
meeting of the U.N. General Assembly in the morning and spent three hours
behind closed doors with the Security Council in the afternoon discussing
how to get the Syrian government to implement the Annan plan.

“The three of us agree: Syria can quickly go from a tipping point to a
breaking point,” Ban said. “The danger of a full-scale civil war
is imminent and real, with catastrophic consequences for Syria and the
region.”

The message from Arab nations is that the UN’s most powerful body should
impose nonmilitary sanctions against Syria, which has been suspended from
the organisation, he said.

The U.S. and its European allies have tried unsuccessfully for months to
threaten sanctions against Syria as the death toll has risen. But Russia and
China, Syria’s main allies, vetoed two Security Council resolutions that
threatened possible sanctions, and they indicated their continuing
opposition in a joint statement after a summit in Beijing on Wednesday. The
statement also opposed any outside military interference or forceful
imposition of “regime change” in Syria.

Nonetheless, Britain’s UN Ambassador Mark Lyall Grant said it was time to try
to adopt a new U.N. resolution “with clear time lines for sanctions in
the event of non-compliance.”

Russia’s UN Ambassador Vitaly Churkin told reporters that the Syrian
government hasn’t complied with all provisions in the Annan plan but there
have been “encouraging developments” including an agreement to
allow in humanitarian agencies. He accused the armed opposition of not only
failing to comply with the Annan plan but declaring their intention not to
do so, which he called “a very dangerous development.”

In another diplomatic move, Annan said preliminary discussions are taking
place about establishing a “contact group” comprising countries
that could influence both sides in the Syrian conflict to end the violence.
The group would likely comprise world and regional powers, including Iran.

“If they could come together and look at the problems in a coldly
realistic manner … and say let’s co-operate and suggest a road map for the
Syrians to consider and work really to steer everybody in the same direction
… we may make progress,” Annan said.

Annan said Iran is an important country and expressed hope it will be “part
of the solution.” U.S. Ambassador Susan Rice called Iran “part of
the problem” because it is supports the government’s campaign of
violence and hasn’t demonstrated it’s ready “to contribute to the
solution.”

Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov has proposed holding an international
conference that would attract all countries that can influence Syria.
Churkin, Russia’s UN envoy, said the proposal “is very much in line”
with Annan’s idea of a contact group.

Annan said the international community had united behind his peace plan “but
it now must take that unity to a new level” and “act as one.”

Otherwise, he said, Syria will likely face a future of “brutal
repression, massacres, sectarian violence, and even all-out civil war.”

After months of acrimonious debate and finger-pointing, the Annan plan was the
first international measure that won support from Russia and China as well
as the US and Europe. But in the West, there is growing dismay at its
unravelling, and the potential for a spillover across the region.

Annan stressed that “individual actions or interventions will not resolve
the crisis” – an apparent reference to opposition fighters and the
countries providing them with arms and financial support.

“If we genuinely unite behind one process, and act and speak with one
voice, I believe it is still possible to avert the worst and enable Syria to
emerge from this crisis,” he said.

In his briefing to the General Assembly, Annan said he told Assad nine days
ago in Damascus that he wasn’t implementing the peace plan and strongly
urged him “to take bold and visible steps to now radically change his
military posture.”

Annan said Assad called militants the main obstacle, but he told diplomats
that while all parties must cease violence, “the first responsibility
lies with the government.”

Since his visit, Annan said “shelling of cities has intensified,
government-backed militia seem to have free rein with appalling consequences
… and President Assad has not indicated a change of course.”

Syria’s UN Ambassador Bashar Ja’afari insisted, however, that “the
government of Syria has spared no efforts to implement its part of the Kofi
Annan plan.” He said an unjustifiable massacre is taking place in his
country but insisted the government is not responsible.

The violence in Syria has grown increasingly chaotic in recent months, and it
is difficult to assign blame for much of the bloodshed. The government
restricts journalists from moving freely, making it nearly impossible to
independently verify accounts from either side. The opposition blames
government forces and militias that support them, known as shabihas, while
the government blames rebels and “armed terrorist groups.”

At the start of the General Assembly meeting, assembly President Nassir
Abdulaziz Al-Nasser asked the 193-member world body to observe a minute of
silence for Syrians killed in the latest massacres.

Annan expressed “horror and condemnation” at the new massacre and
demanded that the perpetrators be held accountable saying: “We cannot
allow mass killing to become part of everyday reality in Syria.”

Calling reports of another massacre “shocking and sickening,” Ban
said “each day seems to bring new additions to the grim catalogue of
atrocities.”

He said it has been evident for many months that Assad and his government “have
lost all legitimacy,” adding that “any regime or leader that
tolerates such killing of innocents has lost its fundamental humanity.”

The UN chief backed Annan’s call for unity, saying the international community
must recognise that the inability of the government or opposition to engage
in political dialogue “makes the prognosis extremely grave.”

Source: agencies

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