Dinosaurs became extinct ‘due to laying eggs’

“That was not a problem for 150 million years but as soon as something
happens that takes away all the large species so that only small species
remain, if there are no small species to remain you are gone as a whole
group.”

The catastrophic event that wiped out all larger life forms some 65 million
years ago meant the end for terrestrial dinosaurs.

Scientists disagree on whether the scaly reptiles died out before or after a
meteorite smashed into Earth in what is known as the Cretaceous-Tertiary
impact, causing billions of tonnes of wind-borne ash and dust to filter out
light from the Sun and triggering a “nuclear winter” that cooled
the planet and withered vegetation.

The absence of dinosaur species in the smaller and medium size range
proved disastrous for them during the mass extinction as it obliterated all
the large species and there were not enough small species of dinosaur that
could have reoccupied the vacant niches.

Mammals did not have the same limitations in size spread, said Clauss, because
their young were not born as comparatively small and did not need to compete
with other species for food, instead suckling on their mothers.

This meant there were smaller mammal species able to cope with the new
post-catastrophe environment and evolve into new species alongside birds,
which are also dinosaurs.

“The question that haunted some people including me is … why did the
mammals survive and why did the dinosaurs not. I think we have a very good
answer for that,” Clauss said.

The researchers said egg size is constricted by upper limits to the thickness
of shells, which have to allow oxygen through to the embryo.

The average four-tonne titanosaur, the largest type of vertebrate that ever
lived, was 2,500 times heavier than its newborn. A modern-day elephant
mother weighs 22 times more than her calf.

Scientists say all animals with a body weight of more than about 10 to 25
kilograms died in the mass extinction event.

Source: agencies

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