Measles Outbreaks in 2011 Were Worst in 15 Years: CDC

THURSDAY, April 19 (HealthDay News) — There were 222 cases and
17 outbreaks of the measles in the United States last year, more than four
times the usual annual rate, U.S. health authorities reported
Thursday.

“In 2011, we had the most number of reported measles in the U.S. in 15
years,” said Dr. Anne Schuchat, director of the National Center for
Immunization and Respiratory Disease at the U.S. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention.

In the prior decade, an average of 60 cases and four outbreaks were
reported annually.

As of last Friday, CDC had received reports of 27 cases of measles for
2012, though “it is too soon in the year to know whether this year will be
as bad or worse than last year,” said Schuchat, who spoke at a news
conference on Thursday.

The highly infectious illness seems to be making an unexpected
comeback. Measles was declared eliminated in 2000 after public health
measures successfully interrupted the transmission of disease from
person-to-person in the United States. The disease is still endemic in
many other parts of the world, however.

In fact, 200 of the 222 U.S. cases in 2011 were related to foreign
travel, with 72 of the cases emerging in people who had recently traveled
abroad, more than half of them to Europe, which has experienced its own
explosion in the disease in recent years.

Authorities weren’t able to determine the source in the other 22 cases.

Although the United States has a high vaccination rate of 90 percent,
“measles is extremely infectious and very good at finding those few people
who aren’t vaccinated,” Schuchat warned.

Of the 196 U.S. residents who had measles in 2011, 166 were
unvaccinated or didn’t know if they’d been vaccinated, although 141 were
eligible to be vaccinated, the CDC report found.

Sixty-six percent of the 141 who were eligible for vaccination were
between the ages of 16 months through 19 years, the time span a person is
most likely to be vaccinated. Three-quarters had not received the vaccine
because of a philosophical, religious or personal exemption.

There have been no deaths from measles in the United States since 2008,
noted Dr. Jane Seward, deputy director of the CDC’s Division of Viral
Diseases. But one of every three people who contracted the disease last
year had to be hospitalized.

Measles is extremely contagious, with symptoms including a total-body
rash along with flu-like symptoms such as cough and fever. The CDC and
other public health authorities strongly recommend that all individuals
keep up to date with their vaccinations, especially if they are planning
to travel abroad.

The CDC recommends that all children receive two doses of the
measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, the first at 12-15 months of age and
the second at 4-6 years. Very young infants can get vaccinated earlier if
they are going to be traveling abroad or if they are going to be in
contact with an international visitor.

“Measles is preventable and unvaccinated people put themselves and
others at risk for measles and its complications, particularly those who
are too young to be vaccinated who can sometimes have the worst
complications,” Schuchat said.

Authorities are particularly worried with the summer travel season
looming and many Americans planning to attend the Olympics in London.

More information

Find out more about measles at the Nemours Foundation.

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